India and Pakistan engage in cross-border strikes amid escalating tensions

KATHMANDU, MAY 7: In a significant escalation of hostilities, India and Pakistan have exchanged military strikes following a deadly terrorist attack in Indian-administered Kashmir. The situation has raised international concerns over the potential for a broader conflict between the two nuclear-armed neighbors.

Background: Pahalgam Terror Attack

On April 22, 2025, a terrorist attack in Pahalgam, Indian-administered Kashmir, resulted in the deaths of 26 individuals, predominantly Hindu tourists. The Resistance Front, an offshoot of the Pakistan-based group Lashkar-e-Taiba, claimed responsibility. India accused Pakistan of supporting the militants, an allegation Pakistan has denied .

India Launches 'Operation Sindoor'

In response to the Pahalgam attack, India initiated "Operation Sindoor" yesterday, targeting nine sites in Pakistan and Pakistan-administered Kashmir. The Indian government stated that the strikes aimed at dismantling terrorist infrastructure linked to the recent attack. Indian officials described the operation as "measured" and "non-escalatory," emphasizing that no Pakistani military facilities were targeted .

Pakistan's Response

Pakistan condemned the Indian airstrikes as an "unprovoked and blatant act of war," asserting that the attacks targeted civilian areas, including mosques and residential neighborhoods in Kotli, Bahawalpur, Muzaffarabad, and Muridke. Pakistani authorities reported at least eight civilian deaths, including women and children, and 35 injuries. In retaliation, Pakistan claimed to have shot down multiple Indian aircraft and launched counter-strikes, including the destruction of an Indian brigade headquarters .

International Reactions

The international community has expressed deep concern over the escalating conflict:

• United Nations: Secretary-General António Guterres urged both nations to exercise restraint and avoid further escalation.

• United States: U.S. officials called for immediate de-escalation and emphasized the importance of direct communication between the two countries.

• China: Expressed regret over India's military actions and called for both sides to prioritize peace and stability .

• Israel: Voiced support for India's right to self-defense, condemning terrorism and emphasizing that perpetrators should find no refuge .

Current Status

Both India and Pakistan have placed their armed forces on high alert. Airspace restrictions have been implemented, and civilian infrastructure near the border areas is under increased security. Diplomatic channels remain strained, with both countries recalling diplomats and suspending bilateral agreements, including the Indus Waters Treaty and the Shimla Agreement.

The recent military exchanges mark one of the most severe escalations in Indo-Pakistani relations in recent years. The situation remains volatile, with the potential for further conflict if diplomatic solutions are not pursued promptly. The international community continues to monitor developments closely, urging both nations to engage in dialogue and seek peaceful resolutions.